टेंस

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और 37 परीक्षाएँ

UPTET, BPSC TRE, EMRS, Assistant Teacher Recruitment (Super TET), Bihar STET, OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher, Bihar Assistant Professor, Bihar TET / CTET Route, CTSA / STSS, Junior Teacher, MP Assistant Professor, MP Teacher — High/Higher Secondary / Varg 1, MP Teacher — Middle / Varg 2, MP Teacher — Primary / Varg 3, OAVS, OSEPA Primary Teacher / JT Category-I, OSEPA Upper Primary — Arts, OSEPA Upper Primary — Science, OSSC English, OSSC Teacher Readiness, OSSSC Govt Physical Education Teacher (PET), OSSSC Govt TGT Arts, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — CBZ, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — PCM, Rajasthan Assistant Professor, REET Mains / 3rd Grade Teacher, Rajasthan 1st Grade School Lecturer, Rajasthan 2nd Grade Senior Teacher, Sainik Schools, Special OTET, SSB Language Teachers, SSB Lecturer (Degree Colleges), SSB School Teachers, SSB TGT Arts, UP Assistant Professor, UP LT Grade / GIC Lecturer, UP TGT / PGT

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सार

हर शब्द का एक काम होता है (संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, क्रिया, विशेषण, क्रियाविशेषण, संबंधबोधक, समुच्चयबोधक, विस्मयादिबोधक), और क्रिया का काल कार्य का समय तय करता है।

मुख्य बिंदु

संज्ञा (noun) नाम बताती है; सर्वनाम (pronoun) संज्ञा के स्थान पर आता है; विशेषण (adjective) संज्ञा की विशेषता बताता है; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) क्रिया, विशेषण या दूसरे क्रियाविशेषण की विशेषता बताता है।
बारह काल = 3 समय × 4 पक्ष (simple, continuous, perfect, perfect continuous)।
Present perfect (has/have + V3) भूत को वर्तमान से जोड़ता है और निश्चित भूतकाल ("yesterday") के साथ प्रयोग नहीं होता।
Past perfect (had + V3) दो भूतकालिक कार्यों में से पहले वाले को दर्शाता है।
समय के बिंदु के साथ since और अवधि के साथ for प्रयोग करें।

व्याख्या

एक ही शब्द का शब्द-भेद बदल सकता है: "fast" विशेषण है (a fast train) और क्रियाविशेषण भी (he runs fast)।
अवस्थावाचक क्रियाएँ (know, like, own, believe) सामान्यतः continuous काल में प्रयोग नहीं होतीं।
when/if/until के बाद भविष्य के समय-उपवाक्य में present tense आता है: "I will call you when I reach."
Present perfect continuous अब तक जारी कार्य दिखाता है: "She has been teaching here since 2015."

चरण-दर-चरण

पूरा वाक्य पढ़ें और उसका कर्ता, क्रिया और काल पहचानें।
विशिष्ट नियम लगाएँ (सामंजस्य, आर्टिकल, प्रीपोज़िशन, काल)।
सुधरा हुआ वाक्य अर्थ और शैली के लिए दोबारा पढ़ें।

उदाहरण

"He has gone to Delhi yesterday" → "He went to Delhi yesterday" (निश्चित भूतकाल के लिए simple past)।
"When I reached the station, the train had left" — पहले वाले कार्य में past perfect।
"I am knowing the answer" → "I know the answer" (know अवस्थावाचक क्रिया है)।

ग़लतियों से बचें और उन्नत बिंदु

सामान्य भूल: "yesterday", "last year" या "ago" के साथ present perfect प्रयोग करना।
सामान्य भूल: "when/if" वाले समय-उपवाक्य में will लगाना।
सामान्य भूल: अवस्थावाचक क्रियाओं को -ing रूप में रखना।

त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति

निश्चित भूतकाल → simple past।
दो भूत कार्यों में पहला → had + V3।
Since + बिंदु, for + अवधि।

अभ्यास MCQ

For Nisha in Pune, choose the correct sentence for an activity that began in 2000 and is still continuing.
1. Nisha has been working in Pune since 2000.
2. Nisha was been working in Pune since 2000.
3. Nisha is working in Pune since 2000.
4. Nisha has working in Pune since 2000.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Nisha has been working in Pune since 2000.. Use the present perfect continuous for a continuing action from a past starting point.
For Ravi in Bhopal, choose the correct sentence for an activity that began in 2001 and is still continuing.
1. Ravi has training in Bhopal since 2001.
2. Ravi was been training in Bhopal since 2001.
3. Ravi is training in Bhopal since 2001.
4. Ravi has been training in Bhopal since 2001.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (d) Ravi has been training in Bhopal since 2001.. Use the present perfect continuous for a continuing action from a past starting point.
For Tara in Indore, choose the correct sentence for an activity that began in 2011 and is still continuing.
1. Tara is training in Indore since 2011.
2. Tara has training in Indore since 2011.
3. Tara was been training in Indore since 2011.
4. Tara has been training in Indore since 2011.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (d) Tara has been training in Indore since 2011.. Use the present perfect continuous for a continuing action from a past starting point.
For Arjun in Jaipur, choose the correct sentence for an activity that began in 2018 and is still continuing.
1. Arjun has studying in Jaipur since 2018.
2. Arjun was been studying in Jaipur since 2018.
3. Arjun has been studying in Jaipur since 2018.
4. Arjun is studying in Jaipur since 2018.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Arjun has been studying in Jaipur since 2018.. Use the present perfect continuous for a continuing action from a past starting point.
For Asha in Kochi, choose the correct sentence for an activity that began in 2008 and is still continuing.
1. Asha is studying in Kochi since 2008.
2. Asha has been studying in Kochi since 2008.
3. Asha was been studying in Kochi since 2008.
4. Asha has studying in Kochi since 2008.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Asha has been studying in Kochi since 2008.. Use the present perfect continuous for a continuing action from a past starting point.
सही क्रिया चुनें: She ___ to school every day.
1. go
2. going
3. gone
4. goes
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (d) goes. Singular subject 'She' ke saath simple present me verb + s lagta hai → 'goes'.
क्रिया-विशेषण पहचानें: 'He runs quickly.'
1. he
2. -
3. quickly
4. runs
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) quickly. 'Quickly' adverb hai — ye verb 'runs' ko modify karta hai (kaise bhaagta hai).
सही काल चुनें: 'They ___ dinner when I arrived.'
1. were having
2. have
3. has had
4. are having
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) were having. Past me ek kaam chal raha tha jab dusra hua → Past Continuous 'were having'.
'The book is on the table' में preposition कौन-सा है?
1. table
2. is
3. on
4. book
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) on. 'On' preposition hai — ye book aur table ke beech position/relation batata hai.
सही रूप चुनें: 'Each of the students ___ a book.'
1. having
2. are
3. has
4. have
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) has. 'Each' singular hota hai, isliye singular verb 'has'.
संयोजक (conjunction) पहचानें: 'She is poor but honest.'
1. she
2. but
3. poor
4. honest
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) but. 'But' conjunction hai — do ideas (poor, honest) ko jodta hai.
सही article चुनें: 'He is ___ honest man.'
1. no article
2. an
3. a
4. the
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) an. 'Honest' me 'h' silent hai, uchcharan vowel sound (o) se shuru hota → 'an'.
'write' का सही past participle (V3) कौन-सा है?
1. wrote
2. writing
3. writed
4. written
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (d) written. Write (V1) → wrote (V2) → written (V3).
सही सर्वनाम चुनें: 'Neither of the boys did ___ homework.'
1. his
2. their
3. them
4. its
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) his. 'Neither' singular hai, isliye singular pronoun 'his'.
भाववाचक संज्ञा पहचानें: 'Honesty is the best policy.'
1. is
2. Honesty
3. policy
4. best
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Honesty. 'Honesty' abstract noun hai — jise chhu nahi sakte (a quality).

इस अध्याय के अन्य टॉपिक

नोट्स और प्रश्न Kundali IQ ने अभ्यास हेतु लिखे हैं। ये आधिकारिक प्रश्नपत्र नहीं हैं; पाठ्यक्रम और पैटर्न हेतु सदा नवीनतम आधिकारिक अधिसूचना देखें।