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Climate Change & Adaptation
GS-III: Economy, Environment, Security, Disaster & Technology
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
India is highly vulnerable to climate change; it pursues mitigation through clean energy and markets, and adaptation through resilient agriculture, cities and coasts.
Key points
- The National Action Plan on Climate Change (2008) has eight missions; states have State Action Plans.
- Ahmedabad launched India’s first Heat Action Plan in 2013.
- NICRA (2011) promotes climate-resilient agriculture.
- The Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (2023) operates under the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022.
- The Green Credit Programme (2023) rewards voluntary environmental actions.
- Adaptation finance is far smaller than need.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Climate Change & Adaptation is correct?
- Climate Change & Adaptation is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Climate Change & Adaptation has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Climate risk combines hazards with exposure, vulnerability and adaptive capacity.
- Adaptation and mitigation are interchangeable terms for the same policy action.
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Answer: (c) Climate risk combines hazards with exposure, vulnerability and adaptive capacity.. Climate risk combines hazards with exposure, vulnerability and adaptive capacity.
Consider the following statements on Climate Change & Adaptation, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Climate risk combines hazards with exposure, vulnerability and adaptive capacity. 2. Adaptation and mitigation are interchangeable terms for the same policy action. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (a) 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 is a common misconception.
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