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Research Ethics and Academic Integrity

Higher Education, Teaching & Research

इन परीक्षाओं के लिए उपयोगी: UGC NET, Bihar Assistant Professor, CSIR NET, Central Univ./IIT/NIT Faculty, MP Assistant Professor, OPSC Assistant Professor, OPSC PGT, OSSC Art Education Instructor

और 14 परीक्षाएँ

OSSC Economics, OSSC English, OSSC Foundation Course, OSSC Geography, OSSC History, OSSC Mathematics, OSSC Odia, OSSC Physical Education Instructor, OSSC Political Science, Rajasthan Assistant Professor, Rajasthan 1st Grade School Lecturer, SSB Lecturer / PGT, SSB Lecturer (Degree Colleges), UP Assistant Professor

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सार

शोध नैतिकता सहमति, गोपनीयता, ईमानदारी और हानि से बचाव के माध्यम से प्रतिभागियों और ज्ञान की विश्वसनीयता की रक्षा करती है।

मुख्य बिंदु

प्रतिभागियों को सूचित सहमति देनी चाहिए और वे कभी भी हट सकते हैं।
गोपनीयता और अनामता प्रतिभागियों की पहचान की रक्षा करती हैं।
मनगढ़ंत आँकड़े, आँकड़ों में हेरफेर और साहित्यिक चोरी गंभीर कदाचार हैं।
मनुष्यों से जुड़े शोध के लिए सामान्यतः नैतिकता समिति की स्वीकृति चाहिए।
बच्चों और संवेदनशील समूहों के साथ विशेष सावधानी चाहिए (अभिभावक की सहमति और बच्चे की स्वीकृति)।
UGC के 2018 के साहित्यिक चोरी विनियम 10% तक समानता को स्तर 0 (कोई दंड नहीं) मानते हैं और उससे ऊपर दंड तय करते हैं।

व्याख्या

आँकड़े सुरक्षित रूप से रखे जाने चाहिए।
हितों के टकराव की घोषणा करनी चाहिए।
लेखकत्व वास्तविक योगदान के अनुसार होना चाहिए।
नकारात्मक निष्कर्षों सहित परिणाम ईमानदारी से बताने चाहिए।
छल केवल ठोस औचित्य और बाद में स्पष्टीकरण (debriefing) के साथ ही स्वीकार्य है।

चरण-दर-चरण

पहचानें कि प्रश्न कौन-सी अवधारणा, कानून या नीति जाँच रहा है।
सटीक प्रावधान, विचारक या सिद्धांत याद करें।
समावेशी, अधिकार-आधारित और प्रमाण-आधारित विकल्प चुनें; दंडात्मक या बहिष्कारी विकल्प अस्वीकार करें।

उदाहरण

शोधकर्ता सार्वजनिक रिपोर्ट में विद्यार्थियों के नाम उनके अंकों के साथ लिखता है → गोपनीयता का उल्लंघन।
बच्चों पर अध्ययन में अभिभावक की सहमति और बच्चे की स्वीकृति ली जाती है → सहमति और स्वीकृति।
बिना संदर्भ दिए शोध-पत्र से अनुच्छेद नकल करना → साहित्यिक चोरी।

ग़लतियों से बचें और उन्नत बिंदु

सामान्य भूल: सहमति छोड़ देना।
सामान्य भूल: परिकल्पना के अनुसार आँकड़े बदलना।
सामान्य भूल: अभिभावक की अनुमति के बिना बच्चों के आँकड़ों का प्रयोग।

त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति

सहमति, गोपनीयता, हानि नहीं, ईमानदारी।
मनगढ़ंत, हेरफेर, साहित्यिक चोरी।
UGC 2018: ≤10% स्तर 0।

अभ्यास MCQ

During a research-methods workshop on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. which statement about Research Ethics is NOT appropriate?
1. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
4. Research Ethics should be interpreted according to its purpose and context.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.. The NOT-appropriate statement is: Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.
1. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
2. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
3. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.. Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.: Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
Which statement about Research Ethics is NOT appropriate?
1. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
4. Research Ethics should be interpreted according to its purpose and context.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.. The NOT-appropriate statement is: Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
While reviewing a study proposal on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. A teacher wants to apply Research Ethics correctly. Which action is most appropriate?
1. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Document methods honestly and protect participant information.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
During a research-methods workshop on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.
1. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
2. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
3. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
While planning a small research study on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.
1. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
2. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
3. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
A teacher wants to apply Research Ethics correctly. Which action is most appropriate?
1. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Document methods honestly and protect participant information.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
While planning a small research study on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. A teacher wants to apply Research Ethics correctly. Which action is most appropriate?
1. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Document methods honestly and protect participant information.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
While planning a small research study on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. which statement about Research Ethics is NOT appropriate?
1. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
4. Research Ethics should be interpreted according to its purpose and context.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.. The NOT-appropriate statement is: Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
During a research-methods workshop on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. A teacher wants to apply Research Ethics correctly. Which action is most appropriate?
1. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Document methods honestly and protect participant information.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
While reviewing a study proposal on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. which statement about Research Ethics is NOT appropriate?
1. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
4. Research Ethics should be interpreted according to its purpose and context.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.. The NOT-appropriate statement is: Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
While reviewing a study proposal on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.
1. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
2. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
3. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
During data-collection planning on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. A teacher wants to apply Research Ethics correctly. Which action is most appropriate?
1. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) Document methods honestly and protect participant information.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
During data-collection planning on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. which statement about Research Ethics is NOT appropriate?
1. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
2. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
3. Document methods honestly and protect participant information.
4. Research Ethics should be interpreted according to its purpose and context.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.. The NOT-appropriate statement is: Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
During data-collection planning on Research Ethics, the team checks the design before collecting evidence. Choose the most defensible exam-ready conclusion about Research Ethics.
1. Changing inconvenient observations is acceptable if it improves the result.
2. Research Ethics is useful only for record keeping and has no effect on learning.
3. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.
4. Research Ethics should be applied identically in every situation without checking learner needs.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.. Research integrity rejects fabrication, falsification and plagiarism and requires responsible handling of participants/data.

इस अध्याय के अन्य टॉपिक

नोट्स और प्रश्न Kundali IQ ने अभ्यास हेतु लिखे हैं। ये आधिकारिक प्रश्नपत्र नहीं हैं; पाठ्यक्रम और पैटर्न हेतु सदा नवीनतम आधिकारिक अधिसूचना देखें।