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Space Technology
Science & Technology
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
India’s space programme spans launch vehicles, satellites for communication and observation, navigation and planetary missions.
Key points
- ISRO was founded in 1969; India’s first satellite Aryabhata was launched in 1975.
- PSLV is suited to sun-synchronous polar orbits; GSLV and LVM3 use cryogenic upper stages for geosynchronous transfer orbits.
- Geostationary orbit is about 36,000 km above the equator.
- Chandrayaan-1 (2008) helped confirm water molecules on the Moon; Mangalyaan (launched 2013) reached Mars orbit in 2014.
- Chandrayaan-3 landed near the lunar south pole on 23 August 2023; Aditya-L1 (2023) studies the Sun from the L1 point.
- NavIC is India’s regional navigation system.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Space Technology is correct?
- A polar-orbiting satellite remains fixed above one point on the equator throughout the day.
- Space Technology is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Space Technology has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Remote sensing collects information about Earth without direct contact using reflected or emitted radiation.
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Answer: (d) Remote sensing collects information about Earth without direct contact using reflected or emitted radiation.. Remote sensing collects information about Earth without direct contact using reflected or emitted radiation.
Consider the following statements on Space Technology and Energy Technologies, focusing on definition and scope: 1. A polar-orbiting satellite remains fixed above one point on the equator throughout the day. 2. Hydrogen is a primary energy source found freely in usable form and requires no energy for production. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2. Neither statement is correct; both are common misconceptions.
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