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School Development Planning

School Practice

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Overview

A School Development Plan sets priorities, actions, resources and timelines to improve a school, prepared with the SMC and monitored regularly.

Key points

Under the RTE Act (Section 22), the School Management Committee prepares a school development plan.
Shaala Siddhi (2015) is a school standards and self-evaluation framework.
Start with data on enrolment, attendance, learning and infrastructure.
Goals should be specific and measurable.
Assign responsibility and timelines for each action.
Review progress and revise the plan regularly.

Explanation

Involve teachers, parents and students.
Link the plan with the school grant and budget.
Prioritise learning outcomes over only buildings.
Use self-evaluation to find gaps.
Celebrate progress to keep motivation.

Step by step

Identify the concept, thinker or policy being tested.
Recall the exact definition, stage or provision.
Prefer inclusive, child-centred and evidence-based choices; reject punitive or labelling ones.

Examples

Data show low reading levels in Grade 3 → goal: all Grade 3 children read fluently in a year, with a daily reading period.
The SMC plans to repair toilets before the monsoon → infrastructure action.
A mid-year review changes strategies that are not working → monitoring.

Traps and advanced points

Trap: Plans without data.
Trap: No responsibilities assigned.
Trap: Never reviewing.

Quick revision

RTE Section 22: SMC prepares SDP.
Shaala Siddhi 2015.
Data → goals → actions → review.

Practice MCQs

Under the RTE Act, the school development plan is prepared by the —
1. District Collector
2. School Management Committee
3. State Election Commission
4. University
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Answer: (b) School Management Committee. Section 22 assigns this to the SMC.
Shaala Siddhi (2015) is a —
1. teacher salary scheme
2. textbook series
3. sports programme
4. school standards and self-evaluation framework
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Answer: (d) school standards and self-evaluation framework. Shaala Siddhi helps schools evaluate themselves.
A school development plan should start with —
1. buying furniture
2. the principal’s preferences
3. exam results of other schools
4. data on needs (learning, attendance, infrastructure)
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Answer: (d) data on needs (learning, attendance, infrastructure). Needs assessment comes first.
Goals in a development plan should be —
1. vague
2. specific and measurable
3. secret
4. unlimited
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Answer: (b) specific and measurable. Specific, measurable goals can be monitored.
Each action in the plan should have —
1. a responsible person and a timeline
2. no owner
3. only a budget
4. only a title
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Answer: (a) a responsible person and a timeline. Clear responsibility and timelines make plans work.
Data show low reading levels in Grade 3. A suitable goal is —
1. cancel reading lessons
2. all Grade 3 children read fluently within a year, with a daily reading period
3. repaint the building
4. buy more chairs
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Answer: (b) all Grade 3 children read fluently within a year, with a daily reading period. The goal addresses the identified need.
Who should be involved in school development planning?
1. Only contractors
2. Only the head teacher
3. Teachers, parents and students
4. Only the district officer
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Answer: (c) Teachers, parents and students. Participation builds ownership.
A school development plan should prioritise —
1. learning outcomes as well as infrastructure
2. only buildings
3. only sports
4. only events
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Answer: (a) learning outcomes as well as infrastructure. Learning outcomes are central.
A mid-year review that changes strategies that are not working shows —
1. failure
2. indiscipline
3. rote learning
4. monitoring and adaptation
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Answer: (d) monitoring and adaptation. Monitoring leads to improvement.
NITI Aayog replaced the —
1. Finance Commission
2. Planning Commission
3. Election Commission
4. RBI
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Answer: (b) Planning Commission. From 1 January 2015.