Home › Exam notes › IBPS Banking › Malware & Phishing

Malware & Phishing

Reasoning & Computer Aptitude · Cyber & Digital Safety

Useful for: IBPS Banking, KVS, NVS, OTET, OSSTET, BPSC TRE, UGC NET, EMRS

and 22 more exams

Assistant Teacher Recruitment (Super TET), OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher, BPSC Head Teacher / Headmaster, CTSA / STSS, Central Univ./IIT/NIT Faculty, Junior Teacher, OAVS, OPSC Assistant Professor, OPSC PGT, OSEPA Primary Teacher / JT Category-I, OSEPA Upper Primary — Arts, OSEPA Upper Primary — Science, OSSC Teacher Readiness, OSSSC Govt Physical Education Teacher (PET), OSSSC Govt TGT Arts, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — CBZ, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — PCM, Rajasthan PTI / Librarian, Sainik Schools, Special OTET, SSB Lecturer / PGT, SSB School Teachers

हिंदी में पढ़ें

Overview

Malware is harmful software; phishing tricks users into revealing information through fake messages.

Key points

Virus attaches to files and needs a host; worm self-replicates across networks.
Trojan pretends to be useful software; ransomware encrypts data and demands payment.
Spyware and keyloggers steal information.
Phishing (e-mail), vishing (voice calls), smishing (SMS).
Use antivirus, updates and caution with links.

Explanation

Check sender addresses and URLs before clicking.
Banks never ask for PIN, OTP or passwords.
Backups help recover from ransomware.
Report cyber fraud on 1930 or cybercrime.gov.in.

Step by step

Identify the term or device asked.
Recall its definition or function.
Eliminate options from other categories.

Examples

Malware that spreads by itself over networks → worm.
Phishing through SMS → smishing.
Malware that demands payment to unlock files → ransomware.

Traps and advanced points

Trap: Mixing virus and worm.
Trap: Clicking urgent "KYC" links.
Trap: Thinking banks ask for OTPs.

Quick revision

Worm self-replicates.
Phishing/vishing/smishing.
Report 1930.

Practice MCQs

Computer awareness: “digital signature” is best matched with:
1. system that filters network traffic according to rules
2. cryptographic mechanism supporting authenticity/integrity/non-repudiation properties
3. delivery of computing resources/services over networks on demand
4. Multi-Factor Authentication
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) cryptographic mechanism supporting authenticity/integrity/non-repudiation properties. Digital signature” is best matched with cryptographic mechanism supporting authenticity/integrity/non-repudiation properties.
Computer awareness: “malware” is best matched with:
1. malicious software
2. Operating System
3. Portable Document Format
4. Comma-Separated Values
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (a) malicious software. Malware” is best matched with malicious software.
Computer awareness: “OTP” is best matched with:
1. Multi-Factor Authentication
2. software for creating/editing formatted text documents
3. One-Time Password
4. malicious software
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (c) One-Time Password. OTP” is best matched with One-Time Password.
Computer awareness: “encryption” is best matched with:
1. Domain Name System
2. Multi-Factor Authentication
3. Uniform Resource Locator
4. transforming data using a key to protect confidentiality
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (d) transforming data using a key to protect confidentiality. Encryption” is best matched with transforming data using a key to protect confidentiality.
Computer awareness: “phishing” is best matched with:
1. Read Only Memory
2. Operating System
3. Graphical User Interface
4. fraudulent attempt to steal sensitive information by impersonation
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (d) fraudulent attempt to steal sensitive information by impersonation. Phishing” is best matched with fraudulent attempt to steal sensitive information by impersonation.
A fake e-mail that tries to steal passwords is called —
1. phishing
2. backup
3. compression
4. formatting
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (a) phishing. Phishing tricks users into revealing information.
India’s national cyber-fraud helpline number is —
1. 1098
2. 100
3. 112
4. 1930
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1930. 1930 is the cyber-fraud helpline.
Two-factor authentication adds —
1. a bigger screen
2. a second proof of identity such as an OTP
3. more storage
4. faster internet
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) a second proof of identity such as an OTP. 2FA requires a second factor beyond the password.
You should share an OTP —
1. with bank staff who call you
2. with nobody
3. on social media
4. with friends
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) with nobody. Genuine banks never ask for OTPs.
A program that spreads by attaching itself to files is a —
1. browser
2. compiler
3. virus
4. firewall
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (c) virus. Viruses attach to files and spread when they run.