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Foundations of physical education

Physical Education

Useful for: OSSTET, OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher, OSSC Physical Education Instructor, OSSSC Govt Physical Education Teacher (PET), SSB PET, SSB School Teachers

Overview

Physical education aims at the all-round development of learners through movement; its history spans ancient games to modern institutions.

Key points

Physical education develops physical, mental, social and emotional health.
The ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BCE in Greece.
The modern Olympics began in Athens in 1896, revived by Pierre de Coubertin.
The YMCA College of Physical Education, Madras, was founded in 1920 (H. C. Buck).
LNIPE Gwalior was established in 1957; the National Institute of Sports, Patiala, in 1961.
National Sports Day is 29 August.

Explanation

PE is part of education, not just games.
Play and recreation support wellbeing.
The Arjuna Award was instituted in 1961.
Khelo India (2018) and Fit India (2019) promote sport and fitness.
Values: teamwork, fair play, discipline.

Step by step

Identify the concept, rule or fact asked.
Recall the definition, formula, example or year.
Apply it and eliminate mismatched options.

Examples

Founder of the modern Olympics → Pierre de Coubertin.
India’s first college of physical education → YMCA, Madras (1920).
National Sports Day → 29 August.

Traps and advanced points

Trap: Wrong Olympic dates.
Trap: Equating PE with sport only.
Trap: Mixing LNIPE and NIS years.

Quick revision

776 BCE; 1896 Athens.
YMCA 1920; LNIPE 1957; NIS 1961.
29 August.

Practice MCQs

The ancient Olympic Games began in —
1. 776 BCE
2. 490 BCE
3. 1896 CE
4. 1000 BCE
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Answer: (a) 776 BCE. Olympia, Greece.
The modern Olympics began in Athens in —
1. 1886
2. 1896
3. 1900
4. 1912
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Answer: (b) 1896. 1896.
The modern Olympics were revived by —
1. Pierre de Coubertin
2. H. C. Buck
3. Avery Brundage
4. Jacques Rogge
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Answer: (a) Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin.
India’s first college of physical education was founded at Madras in —
1. 1920
2. 1930
3. 1947
4. 1910
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Answer: (a) 1920. YMCA College, 1920 (H. C. Buck).
LNIPE Gwalior was established in —
1. 1947
2. 1957
3. 1961
4. 1975
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Answer: (b) 1957. 1957.
The National Institute of Sports, Patiala, was established in —
1. 1982
2. 1990
3. 1957
4. 1961
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Answer: (d) 1961. 1961.
National Sports Day in India is —
1. 29 August
2. 21 June
3. 5 September
4. 14 November
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Answer: (a) 29 August. Birthday of Major Dhyan Chand.
Physical education aims at development that is —
1. only academic
2. only physical
3. physical, mental, social and emotional
4. only competitive
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Answer: (c) physical, mental, social and emotional. All-round development.
The Arjuna Award was instituted in —
1. 1991
2. 1951
3. 1961
4. 1971
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Answer: (c) 1961. 1961.