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Statement & Conclusion

General Intelligence & Reasoning · Logic & Analytical Reasoning

Useful for: SSC CGL, Railway RRB, KVS, NVS, OTET, UGC NET, EMRS, OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher

and 15 more exams

CSIR NET, Central Univ./IIT/NIT Faculty, Junior Teacher, OPSC Assistant Professor, OPSC PGT, OSEPA Primary Teacher / JT Category-I, OSEPA Upper Primary — Arts, OSEPA Upper Primary — Science, OSSSC Govt Physical Education Teacher (PET), OSSSC Govt TGT Arts, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — CBZ, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — PCM, Sainik Schools, Special OTET, SSB Lecturer / PGT

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Overview

Statement–conclusion items ask which conclusions follow directly from the statement, without outside assumptions or exaggeration.

Key points

A conclusion follows only if it is a direct and necessary result of the statement.
Conclusions with "only", "all", "always", "never" usually go beyond the statement.
Assumptions are unstated beliefs behind the statement; conclusions are what follows from it.
Course-of-action questions ask what practical step should follow; it must be reasonable and address the problem.
Cause–effect pairs: decide which statement is the cause and which the effect.

Explanation

Use the exact words: "many" is not "all"; "should" is advice, not fact.
Reject conclusions that bring in outside information.
"Either I or II follows" is used when the two conclusions are complementary and one must be true.
For inference passages: definitely true, probably true, data inadequate, probably false, definitely false.

Step by step

Read the statement.
Test each conclusion.
Accept only what must follow.

Examples

Statement: "Regular practice improves typing speed." Conclusion: "Practice is useful for typing speed" — follows.
Statement: "Some students passed with distinction." Conclusion: "All students passed" — does not follow.
Statement: "Every multiple of 6 is divisible by 3; 42 is a multiple of 6." Conclusion: "42 is divisible by 3" — follows.

Traps and advanced points

Trap: Using general knowledge to accept a conclusion.
Trap: Accepting extreme words.
Trap: Mixing assumptions and conclusions.

Quick revision

Direct and necessary only.
Beware extreme words.
No outside facts.

Practice MCQs

Statement: Every multiple of 12 is divisible by 12. 588 is a multiple of 12. Conclusion: 588 is divisible by 12.
1. Conclusion follows
2. Conclusion does not follow
3. Statement contradicts conclusion
4. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
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Answer: (a) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 14 is divisible by 14. 238 is a multiple of 14. Conclusion: 238 is divisible by 14.
1. Statement contradicts conclusion
2. Conclusion follows
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Conclusion does not follow
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Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 16 is divisible by 16. 1392 is a multiple of 16. Conclusion: 1392 is divisible by 16.
1. Conclusion follows
2. Conclusion does not follow
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Statement contradicts conclusion
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Answer: (a) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 18 is divisible by 18. 1296 is a multiple of 18. Conclusion: 1296 is divisible by 18.
1. Conclusion follows
2. Conclusion does not follow
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Statement contradicts conclusion
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (a) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 3 is divisible by 3. 171 is a multiple of 3. Conclusion: 171 is divisible by 3.
1. Conclusion does not follow
2. Conclusion follows
3. Statement contradicts conclusion
4. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 15 is divisible by 15. 525 is a multiple of 15. Conclusion: 525 is divisible by 15.
1. Statement contradicts conclusion
2. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
3. Conclusion does not follow
4. Conclusion follows
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Show answer
Answer: (d) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 17 is divisible by 17. 629 is a multiple of 17. Conclusion: 629 is divisible by 17.
1. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
2. Statement contradicts conclusion
3. Conclusion does not follow
4. Conclusion follows
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Show answer
Answer: (d) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 7 is divisible by 7. 189 is a multiple of 7. Conclusion: 189 is divisible by 7.
1. Conclusion follows
2. Statement contradicts conclusion
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Conclusion does not follow
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (a) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 12 is divisible by 12. 180 is a multiple of 12. Conclusion: 180 is divisible by 12.
1. Conclusion does not follow
2. Conclusion follows
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Statement contradicts conclusion
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 13 is divisible by 13. 208 is a multiple of 13. Conclusion: 208 is divisible by 13.
1. Statement contradicts conclusion
2. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
3. Conclusion follows
4. Conclusion does not follow
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (c) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 16 is divisible by 16. 576 is a multiple of 16. Conclusion: 576 is divisible by 16.
1. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
2. Conclusion follows
3. Statement contradicts conclusion
4. Conclusion does not follow
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 14 is divisible by 14. 952 is a multiple of 14. Conclusion: 952 is divisible by 14.
1. Statement contradicts conclusion
2. Conclusion follows
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Conclusion does not follow
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 5 is divisible by 5. 465 is a multiple of 5. Conclusion: 465 is divisible by 5.
1. Conclusion does not follow
2. Conclusion follows
3. Statement contradicts conclusion
4. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 15 is divisible by 15. 1035 is a multiple of 15. Conclusion: 1035 is divisible by 15.
1. Conclusion does not follow
2. Conclusion follows
3. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
4. Statement contradicts conclusion
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.
Statement: Every multiple of 5 is divisible by 5. 380 is a multiple of 5. Conclusion: 380 is divisible by 5.
1. Both statement and conclusion are unrelated
2. Conclusion follows
3. Statement contradicts conclusion
4. Conclusion does not follow
Read chapter notes · Similar questions
Show answer
Answer: (b) Conclusion follows. Apply the universal rule to the stated member.