Post-Independence Consolidation

Overview

After 1947 India integrated princely states, reorganised states on linguistic lines and built institutions for democracy and development.

Key points

• Sardar Patel and V. P. Menon integrated princely states through Instruments of Accession; Hyderabad joined after Operation Polo (1948).
• Andhra State was formed in 1953 after Potti Sriramulu’s fast.
• The States Reorganisation Commission (Fazl Ali, 1953) led to the States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
• The First Five-Year Plan began in 1951.
• Goa was liberated in 1961; Sikkim became a state in 1975 (36th Amendment).
• The Emergency (1975–77) tested democratic institutions.

Practice MCQs

1. From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Post-Independence Consolidation is correct?

   1. Post-Independence Consolidation is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
   2. Post-Independence Consolidation has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
   3. Post-independence consolidation included political integration, constitutional institution-building, linguistic reorganisation and development choices.
   4. Political integration after independence was a single-step process with no institutional or regional complexity.

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   Answer: (c) Post-independence consolidation included political integration, constitutional institution-building, linguistic reorganisation and development choices.. Post-independence consolidation included political integration, constitutional institution-building, linguistic reorganisation and development choices.

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2. Consider the following statements on Post-Independence Consolidation, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Post-independence consolidation included political integration, constitutional institution-building, linguistic reorganisation and development choices. 2. Political integration after independence was a single-step process with no institutional or regional complexity. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   1. 1 only
   2. 2 only
   3. Both 1 and 2
   4. Neither 1 nor 2

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   Answer: (a) 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 is a common misconception.

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More topics in this chapter

• Society and Diversity
• Women & Gender Issues
• Population and settlement