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IT Literacy

Basic Science & Engineering · Safety, Environment & IT

Useful for: Railway RRB

Overview

IT literacy covers basic computer parts, operating systems, office software, internet use and cyber safety.

Key points

CPU processes data; RAM is temporary memory; hard disk stores data permanently.
Input devices: keyboard, mouse; output devices: monitor, printer.
Common shortcuts: Ctrl + C (copy), Ctrl + V (paste), Ctrl + Z (undo), Ctrl + S (save).
Spreadsheet formulas start with "=".
Never share passwords or OTPs; report cyber fraud on 1930.

Explanation

File extensions: .docx (Word), .xlsx (Excel), .pptx (PowerPoint), .pdf.
HTTPS indicates an encrypted website.
Back up important files.
Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication.

Step by step

Identify the concept, tool or rule involved.
Recall the definition, value or procedure.
Check units, safety logic and the direction of the effect.

Examples

The shortcut to undo → Ctrl + Z.
The extension of an Excel file → .xlsx.
The national cyber-fraud helpline → 1930.

Traps and advanced points

Trap: Calling RAM permanent storage.
Trap: Sharing OTPs.
Trap: Mixing file extensions.

Quick revision

Ctrl + Z undo; Ctrl + S save.
HTTPS = secure.
Report on 1930.

Practice MCQs

ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Which statement opening is correctly completed by “manages hardware/resources and provides services to applications”?
1. electrical power in a DC circuit can be written as
2. two resistors in parallel have equivalent resistance satisfying
3. an operating system mainly
4. efficiency of a machine is
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Answer: (c) an operating system mainly. Examples include Windows, Linux and Android.
ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Which statement opening is correctly completed by “Central Processing Unit”?
1. for an electrical fire, water is generally
2. greenhouse effect is intensified by increased atmospheric
3. two resistors in series have equivalent resistance
4. CPU stands for
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Answer: (d) CPU stands for. CPU executes instructions and coordinates processing.
ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Complete the statement: “An operating system mainly ____.”
1. opposite relative motion or tendency of motion
2. small lengths/diameters with finer precision
3. manages hardware/resources and provides services to applications
4. protect a circuit from excessive current
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Answer: (c) manages hardware/resources and provides services to applications. Examples include Windows, Linux and Android.
ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Complete the statement: “RAM is primarily ____.”
1. useful output/input × 100%
2. manages hardware/resources and provides services to applications
3. volatile working memory
4. unsafe on live electrical equipment
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Answer: (c) volatile working memory. RAM generally loses contents when power is removed.
ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Complete the statement: “CPU stands for ____.”
1. manages hardware/resources and provides services to applications
2. engineering drawing
3. kilogram
4. Central Processing Unit
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Answer: (d) Central Processing Unit. CPU executes instructions and coordinates processing.
ALP Basic Science & Engineering: Which statement opening is correctly completed by “volatile working memory”?
1. an operating system mainly
2. CPU stands for
3. ozone layer mainly absorbs much of the Sun’s
4. RAM is primarily
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Answer: (d) RAM is primarily. RAM generally loses contents when power is removed.