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International Relations
GS-II: Constitution, Governance, Social Justice & IR
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
India’s foreign policy pursues security, development and status through strategic autonomy, multi-alignment and neighbourhood-first engagement.
Key points
- Panchsheel (1954) set out five principles of peaceful coexistence.
- India was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement (Belgrade, 1961).
- Look East Policy (1991) became Act East Policy (2014).
- SAGAR (2015) — Security and Growth for All in the Region — guides Indian Ocean policy.
- Strategic autonomy now takes the form of multi-alignment with several partners.
- Economic diplomacy, diaspora and soft power (yoga, culture) support influence.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about International Relations is correct?
- Strategic autonomy means avoiding all partnerships and multilateral institutions.
- International Relations is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- International Relations has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- India’s external relations combine security, economics, diaspora, technology, energy and multilateral interests.
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Answer: (d) India’s external relations combine security, economics, diaspora, technology, energy and multilateral interests.. India’s external relations combine security, economics, diaspora, technology, energy and multilateral interests.
Consider the following statements on International Relations, focusing on definition and scope: 1. India’s external relations combine security, economics, diaspora, technology, energy and multilateral interests. 2. Strategic autonomy means avoiding all partnerships and multilateral institutions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (a) 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 is a common misconception.
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