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Disaster Risk Reduction
GS-III: Economy, Environment, Security, Disaster & Technology
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
Disaster risk reduction lowers hazard exposure and vulnerability before disasters strike, through early warning, resilient infrastructure and community preparedness.
Key points
- Early warning and evacuation sharply reduced cyclone deaths in Odisha (e.g. Phailin, 2013).
- India launched the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) in 2019.
- The Sendai Framework sets seven global targets for reducing disaster losses.
- Urban flooding results from encroachment, poor drainage and extreme rainfall.
- Heatwaves are a growing "silent" disaster.
- Risk insurance and contingency funds reduce financial shocks.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Disaster Risk Reduction is correct?
- Installing a warning sensor alone guarantees timely evacuation and low disaster losses.
- Disaster Risk Reduction is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Disaster Risk Reduction has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Disaster management spans prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery and resilient reconstruction.
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Answer: (d) Disaster management spans prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery and resilient reconstruction.. Disaster management spans prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery and resilient reconstruction.
Consider the following statements on Disaster Risk Reduction, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Installing a warning sensor alone guarantees timely evacuation and low disaster losses. 2. Disaster management spans prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery and resilient reconstruction. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (b) 2 only. Statement 2 is correct; Statement 1 is a common misconception.
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