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Attitude & Behaviour
GS-IV: Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
An attitude is a learnt tendency to evaluate something favourably or unfavourably; it shapes behaviour and can be changed through persuasion and experience.
Key points
- ABC model: affective (feelings), behavioural (actions), cognitive (beliefs).
- Functions: knowledge, utilitarian, value-expressive and ego-defensive.
- Attitudes form through socialisation, experience and media.
- Cognitive dissonance (Festinger) motivates people to reduce conflict between beliefs and actions.
- Persuasion depends on the source, message and audience (Hovland’s communication model).
- Moral and political attitudes affect how officials treat citizens.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Attitude & Behaviour is correct?
- A positive stated attitude guarantees matching behaviour in every situation.
- Attitude & Behaviour is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Attitude & Behaviour has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Attitude includes cognitive, affective and behavioural tendencies but does not mechanically determine behaviour.
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Answer: (d) Attitude includes cognitive, affective and behavioural tendencies but does not mechanically determine behaviour.. Attitude includes cognitive, affective and behavioural tendencies but does not mechanically determine behaviour.
Consider the following statements on Attitude & Behaviour, focusing on definition and scope: 1. A positive stated attitude guarantees matching behaviour in every situation. 2. Attitude includes cognitive, affective and behavioural tendencies but does not mechanically determine behaviour. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (b) 2 only. Statement 2 is correct; Statement 1 is a common misconception.
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