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Data Handling and Presentation – Class 6 Mathematics notes, important questions and MCQs

NCERT Class 6 Mathematics, chapter 4. Notes, key terms, important questions with answers and MCQs.

Chapter overview

Data is information collected as numbers or facts. Organising it in tables, pictographs and bar graphs makes it easy to read and compare.

Collecting and organising

Tally marks group counts in fives (||||).
A frequency table shows how many times each value occurs.

Presenting data

Pictograph: pictures/symbols represent data; a key tells the value of one symbol.
Bar graph: bars of equal width; height shows the value; choose a suitable scale.
Read titles, keys and scales carefully before answering.

Key terms

Data: collection of facts or numbers
Frequency: number of times something occurs
Scale: value represented by one unit on a graph

Formulas

Total = sum of all frequencies

Important questions with answers

What is a tally mark? Show 13 using tally marks.2 marks

A tally mark is a short line used to count; every fifth mark crosses the previous four. 13 is shown as two bundles of five (four lines crossed by a fifth) and three single lines.

Why do we choose a scale while drawing a bar graph?3 marks

When numbers are large (like 250 or 400), bars would be too long to draw. A scale (e.g. 1 cm = 50) keeps the bars a convenient size while still showing correct comparisons.

The number of students who like sports: Cricket 40, Football 25, Hockey 15, Kabaddi 30. Choose a scale, describe the bar graph and answer: which is most and least liked, and how many more like cricket than hockey?5 marks

A suitable scale is 1 unit = 5 students, giving bars of 8, 5, 3 and 6 units drawn with equal widths and equal gaps, with sports on one axis and number of students on the other. Cricket is the most liked (40) and hockey the least (15). 40 − 15 = 25 more students like cricket than hockey.

Quick revision

Tally marks group in fives.
Pictographs need a key.
Bar graphs need a scale.

Exam tips

In pictographs, half a symbol means half the key value.
Bars in a bar graph must have equal width and equal gaps.

Practice MCQs

|||| | (tally) shows
1. 5
2. 7
3. 4
4. 6
Show answer
Answer: (d) 6. One group of 5 plus 1.
In a pictograph a key is needed to know
1. the colour
2. the value of one symbol
3. the title
4. the date
Show answer
Answer: (b) the value of one symbol. Key.
If 1 symbol = 10 books, then 3½ symbols =
1. 30 books
2. 35 books
3. 40 books
4. 3.5 books
Show answer
Answer: (b) 35 books. 3.5 × 10.
In a bar graph, bars should have
1. different widths
2. random colours only
3. no gaps ever
4. equal widths
Show answer
Answer: (d) equal widths. Equal width.
In a pictograph, one 🍎 = 5 apples. 7 symbols show
1. 7 apples
2. 12 apples
3. 35 apples
4. 75 apples
Show answer
Answer: (c) 35 apples. 7 × 5.
A bar graph uses 1 unit = 50 students. A bar 4.5 units high shows
1. 225 students
2. 200 students
3. 250 students
4. 45 students
Show answer
Answer: (a) 225 students. 4.5 × 50.
Marks of 5 students: 7, 9, 6, 9, 8. The most frequent mark is
1. 7
2. 8
3. 6
4. 9
Show answer
Answer: (d) 9. 9 occurs twice.
In a bar graph with scale 1 unit = 20 students, a bar of 3.5 units shows
1. 35 students
2. 70 students
3. 60 students
4. 23.5 students
Show answer
Answer: (b) 70 students. 3.5 × 20.

All chapters of Class 6 Mathematics

Written by Kundali IQ from standard, well-established facts to help with revision. This is not an official NCERT publication; always read your textbook too.