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वाक्य सुधार एवं त्रुटि पहचान

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इन परीक्षाओं के लिए उपयोगी: SSC CGL, OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher, OSEPA Primary Teacher / JT Category-I, OSEPA Upper Primary — Arts, OSEPA Upper Primary — Science, OSSC English, OSSSC Govt Physical Education Teacher (PET), OSSSC Govt TGT Arts

और 5 परीक्षाएँ

OSSSC Govt TGT Science — CBZ, OSSSC Govt TGT Science — PCM, SSB Language Teachers, SSB Lecturer (Degree Colleges), SSB TGT Arts

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सार

वाक्य सुधार में दोषपूर्ण वाक्यांश को व्याकरण और मुहावरे की दृष्टि से सबसे अच्छे विकल्प या "no improvement" से बदला जाता है।

मुख्य बिंदु

पहले क्रिया का काल, सामंजस्य और समानांतर संरचना जाँचें।
समानांतरता: सूची के पद एक ही रूप में हों ("reading, writing and swimming")।
संक्षिप्त और प्रचलित अभिव्यक्तियों को प्राथमिकता दें।
शर्तवाचक वाक्य: "If I were you, I would…"; "Had I known, I would have…"।
हर विकल्प जाँचने के बाद ही "No improvement" चुनें।

व्याख्या

"Hardly … when", "No sooner … than", "Scarcely … when" निश्चित युग्म हैं।
"Lest" के साथ "should" आता है: "lest he should fall"।
दोहरे नकारात्मक से बचें: "I did not do nothing" गलत है।
गलत जगह रखे विशेषक: विशेषक को उसके विशेष्य के पास रखें।

चरण-दर-चरण

पूरा वाक्य पढ़ें और उसका कर्ता, क्रिया और काल पहचानें।
विशिष्ट नियम लगाएँ (सामंजस्य, आर्टिकल, प्रीपोज़िशन, काल)।
सुधरा हुआ वाक्य अर्थ और शैली के लिए दोबारा पढ़ें।

उदाहरण

"No sooner had he arrived when it rained" → "than it rained" (No sooner … than)।
"She likes reading, to write and swimming" → "reading, writing and swimming" (समानांतर रूप)।
"If I was you, I would apologise" → "If I were you…" (काल्पनिक शर्त)।

ग़लतियों से बचें और उन्नत बिंदु

सामान्य भूल: विकल्प जाँचे बिना मूल वाक्य स्वीकार करना।
सामान्य भूल: समानांतर संरचना तोड़ना।
सामान्य भूल: निश्चित युग्मों को मिला देना।

त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति

समानांतर संरचना।
No sooner … than; hardly … when।
If I were (काल्पनिक)।

अभ्यास MCQ

The Jaipur report discusses “indices”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The indices have shown in the table.
2. None of the above
3. The indices are shown in the table.
4. The indices is shown in the table.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) The indices are shown in the table.. In traditional formal usage, “indices” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “bacteria”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The bacteria are visible under the microscope.
2. The bacteria have visible under the microscope.
3. The bacteria is visible under the microscope.
4. None of the above
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) The bacteria are visible under the microscope.. In traditional formal usage, “bacteria” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “media”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The media are covering the event.
2. The media have covering the event.
3. None of the above
4. The media is covering the event.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) The media are covering the event.. In traditional formal usage, “media” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “criteria”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The criteria is listed in the notice.
2. The criteria are listed in the notice.
3. The criteria have listed in the notice.
4. None of the above
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) The criteria are listed in the notice.. In traditional formal usage, “criteria” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “stimuli”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The stimuli have presented in sequence.
2. The stimuli is presented in sequence.
3. The stimuli are presented in sequence.
4. None of the above
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) The stimuli are presented in sequence.. In traditional formal usage, “stimuli” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “analyses”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The analyses is complete.
2. The analyses are complete.
3. The analyses have complete.
4. None of the above
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) The analyses are complete.. In traditional formal usage, “analyses” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “formulae”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. None of the above
2. The formulae is given in the appendix.
3. The formulae are given in the appendix.
4. The formulae have given in the appendix.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) The formulae are given in the appendix.. In traditional formal usage, “formulae” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “hypotheses”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The hypotheses are tested separately.
2. None of the above
3. The hypotheses have tested separately.
4. The hypotheses is tested separately.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) The hypotheses are tested separately.. In traditional formal usage, “hypotheses” is plural.
The Jaipur report discusses “data”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The data are consistent with the sample.
2. The data have consistent with the sample.
3. The data is consistent with the sample.
4. The data are consistent to the sample.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (a) The data are consistent with the sample.. In traditional formal usage, “data” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “criteria”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The criteria is listed in the notice.
2. The criteria are listed in the notice.
3. The criteria have listed in the notice.
4. None of the above
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) The criteria are listed in the notice.. In traditional formal usage, “criteria” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “phenomena”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The phenomena is being studied.
2. The phenomena are being studied.
3. None of the above
4. The phenomena have being studied.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) The phenomena are being studied.. In traditional formal usage, “phenomena” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “bacteria”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. None of the above
2. The bacteria are visible under the microscope.
3. The bacteria is visible under the microscope.
4. The bacteria have visible under the microscope.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (b) The bacteria are visible under the microscope.. In traditional formal usage, “bacteria” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “analyses”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The analyses have complete.
2. None of the above
3. The analyses are complete.
4. The analyses is complete.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) The analyses are complete.. In traditional formal usage, “analyses” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “indices”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The indices is shown in the table.
2. The indices have shown in the table.
3. None of the above
4. The indices are shown in the table.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (d) The indices are shown in the table.. In traditional formal usage, “indices” is plural.
The Kochi report discusses “media”. Choose the conservative formal exam-grammar sentence.
1. The media have covering the event.
2. None of the above
3. The media are covering the event.
4. The media is covering the event.
नोट्स देखें · इसी विषय के सवाल
उत्तर देखें
उत्तर: (c) The media are covering the event.. In traditional formal usage, “media” is plural.

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