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Tense and verb usage

Urdu — Subject Knowledge (130 marks) · Tense and verb usage

Useful for: OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher

Overview

Urdu verbs express past (maazi), present (haal) and future (mustaqbil), with aspects and compound verbs adding meaning.

Key points

  • Past tense is maazi, present haal and future mustaqbil.
  • Continuous forms use "raha/rahi/rahe".
  • Future forms end in -ga/-gi/-ge (likhega, likhegi).
  • Compound verbs combine a main verb with helpers (kha lena, likh dena).
  • Verbs agree with gender and number.
  • Imperatives vary by politeness (likho, likhiye).

Explanation

  • In some past tenses with transitive verbs, the agent takes "ne" and the verb agrees with the object.
  • Honorific forms show respect.
  • Practise with daily-routine sentences.
  • Compare with Hindi verb system.
  • Poetry often uses verb forms creatively.

Step by step

  1. Identify tense and aspect.
  2. Check agreement.
  3. Choose the correct verb form.

Examples

  • "Woh likhega" → future (mustaqbil).
  • "Main parh raha hoon" → present continuous.
  • "Likhiye" → polite imperative.

Traps and advanced points

  • Trap: Wrong future endings.
  • Trap: Ignoring "ne" construction.
  • Trap: Mixing politeness levels.

Quick revision

  • Maazi, haal, mustaqbil.
  • Raha/rahi/rahe continuous.
  • Compound verbs.

Practice MCQs

  1. In Urdu grammar, the past tense is called

    1. maazi
    2. haal
    3. mustaqbil
    4. amr

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    Answer: (a) maazi. Haal is present and mustaqbil is future.

  2. 'Mustaqbil' refers to the

    1. past tense
    2. future tense
    3. present tense
    4. imperative

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    Answer: (b) future tense. For example, 'woh jayega'.

  3. 'Woh roz school jata hai' is in the

    1. past perfect
    2. present habitual tense
    3. future
    4. imperative

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    Answer: (b) present habitual tense. It shows a regular action.

  4. With transitive verbs in the perfective past, the subject often takes the marker

    1. ko
    2. ne
    3. se
    4. mein

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    Answer: (b) ne. For example, 'larke ne kitab parhi'.

  5. 'Amr' in Urdu grammar refers to the

    1. imperative (command) form
    2. past tense
    3. noun
    4. adjective

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    Answer: (a) imperative (command) form. For example, 'jao' or 'baitho'.

Notes and questions are written by Kundali IQ for practice. They are not official papers; always check the latest official notification for the syllabus and pattern.