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Home › Exam notes › OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher › Sustainable development

Sustainable development

Economics

Useful for: OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher, OSSC Economics, OSSSC Govt TGT Arts, SSB Lecturer (Degree Colleges), SSB TGT Arts

Overview

Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs, balancing economy, society and environment.

Key points

  • The Brundtland Report "Our Common Future" (1987) defined sustainable development.
  • Three pillars: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection.
  • The UN adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 for 2030.
  • NITI Aayog publishes the SDG India Index.
  • The Rio Earth Summit (1992) produced Agenda 21.
  • Sustainable development needs renewable energy, efficient resource use and equity.

Explanation

  • The circular economy reduces waste.
  • Green GDP adjusts for environmental depletion.
  • Intergenerational equity is central.
  • Local communities manage commons sustainably.
  • Mission LiFE promotes sustainable lifestyles.

Step by step

  1. Identify the concept, law or fact asked.
  2. Recall the definition, formula, example or year.
  3. Apply it and eliminate mismatched options.

Examples

  • The definition of sustainable development comes from → the Brundtland Report (1987).
  • Number of SDGs → 17.
  • SDG target year → 2030.

Traps and advanced points

  • Trap: Wrong SDG count.
  • Trap: Equating sustainability only with environment.
  • Trap: Mixing Rio 1992 and Brundtland 1987.

Quick revision

  • Brundtland 1987.
  • 17 SDGs (2015–2030).
  • Three pillars.

Practice MCQs

  1. The Brundtland Report was published in —

    1. 1992
    2. 2015
    3. 1972
    4. 1987

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    Answer: (d) 1987. "Our Common Future".

  2. The three pillars of sustainable development are economic, social and —

    1. political only
    2. cultural only
    3. environmental
    4. military

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    Answer: (c) environmental. Environment.

  3. How many SDGs did the UN adopt in 2015?

    1. 20
    2. 8
    3. 12
    4. 17

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    Answer: (d) 17. 17 goals for 2030.

  4. The SDG India Index is published by —

    1. NITI Aayog
    2. UNDP only
    3. CAG
    4. RBI

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    Answer: (a) NITI Aayog. NITI Aayog.

  5. Agenda 21 came from the —

    1. Paris, 2015
    2. Kyoto, 1997
    3. Stockholm, 1972
    4. Rio Earth Summit, 1992

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    Answer: (d) Rio Earth Summit, 1992. Rio.

  6. The SDGs target the year —

    1. 2025
    2. 2030
    3. 2040
    4. 2050

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    Answer: (b) 2030. 2030.

  7. Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising —

    1. future generations’ needs
    2. GDP growth
    3. exports
    4. tax revenue

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    Answer: (a) future generations’ needs. Brundtland definition.

  8. Which supports sustainable development?

    1. renewable energy
    2. deforestation
    3. overfishing
    4. wasting water

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    Answer: (a) renewable energy. Also efficiency and equity.

  9. The earlier Millennium Development Goals numbered —

    1. 8
    2. 17
    3. 10
    4. 12

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    Answer: (a) 8. Eight MDGs.

  10. Equity in sustainable development refers to —

    1. only growth
    2. only exports
    3. fair sharing of benefits
    4. only profits

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    Answer: (c) fair sharing of benefits. Social inclusion.

More topics in this chapter

Notes and questions are written by Kundali IQ for practice. They are not official papers; always check the latest official notification for the syllabus and pattern.