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Plant diversity

Botany (45 marks) · Plant diversity

Useful for: OSSC RHT — Regular High School Teacher

Overview

Plant diversity ranges from algae to flowering plants; taxonomy names, describes and classifies plants.

Key points

  • Bryophytes (mosses) are called the "amphibians of the plant kingdom".
  • Pteridophytes (ferns) are the first vascular plants.
  • Gymnosperms have naked seeds (pine, cycas).
  • Angiosperms have seeds enclosed in fruits; they are monocots or dicots.
  • The Bentham and Hooker system is widely used in Indian herbaria.
  • Taxonomic hierarchy: kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species.

Explanation

  • Herbaria preserve dried plant specimens.
  • Monocots have parallel venation; dicots have reticulate venation.
  • Algae can be unicellular or multicellular.
  • Binomial names are italicised.
  • Botanical gardens conserve diversity.

Step by step

  1. Identify the concept, rule or fact asked.
  2. Recall the definition, formula, example or year.
  3. Apply it and eliminate mismatched options.

Examples

  • Moss → bryophyte.
  • Pine → gymnosperm.
  • Grass with parallel veins → monocot.

Traps and advanced points

  • Trap: Calling ferns non-vascular.
  • Trap: Mixing gymnosperms and angiosperms.
  • Trap: Wrong hierarchy order.

Quick revision

  • Bryophytes amphibians; ferns first vascular.
  • Gymnosperms naked seeds.
  • Bentham & Hooker.

Practice MCQs

  1. "Amphibians of the plant kingdom" are —

    1. bryophytes
    2. pteridophytes
    3. gymnosperms
    4. angiosperms

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    Answer: (a) bryophytes. Mosses.

  2. The first vascular plants are —

    1. bryophytes
    2. pteridophytes
    3. algae
    4. fungi

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    Answer: (b) pteridophytes. Ferns.

  3. Plants with naked seeds are —

    1. angiosperms
    2. bryophytes
    3. pteridophytes
    4. gymnosperms

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    Answer: (d) gymnosperms. Pine, cycas.

  4. Plants with seeds enclosed in fruits are —

    1. ferns
    2. mosses
    3. angiosperms
    4. gymnosperms

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    Answer: (c) angiosperms. Flowering plants.

  5. Angiosperms are divided into —

    1. mosses and ferns
    2. algae and fungi
    3. trees and shrubs
    4. monocots and dicots

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    Answer: (d) monocots and dicots. Two groups.

  6. The Bentham and Hooker system is widely used in —

    1. libraries only
    2. zoos
    3. Indian herbaria
    4. stock markets

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    Answer: (c) Indian herbaria. Classification.

  7. The correct taxonomic order is —

    1. species, genus, kingdom
    2. class, kingdom, species
    3. family, order, class, kingdom
    4. kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species

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    Answer: (d) kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species. Hierarchy.

  8. Maize and rice are —

    1. dicots
    2. gymnosperms
    3. bryophytes
    4. monocots

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    Answer: (d) monocots. Monocots.

Notes and questions are written by Kundali IQ for practice. They are not official papers; always check the latest official notification for the syllabus and pattern.