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Home › Exam notes › Rajasthan PTI / Librarian › Library Classification

Library Classification

Library & Information Science

Useful for: Rajasthan PTI / Librarian

Overview

Library classification arranges documents by subject so that users can find related materials together.

Key points

  • S. R. Ranganathan’s Five Laws of Library Science (1931): books are for use; every reader his book; every book its reader; save the time of the reader; the library is a growing organism.
  • Dewey Decimal Classification (Melvil Dewey, 1876) has ten main classes.
  • Colon Classification (Ranganathan, 1933) is a faceted scheme using PMEST.
  • Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) adds auxiliaries to Dewey’s base.
  • Call numbers combine class number and book number.
  • Classification brings related subjects together on shelves.

Explanation

  • PMEST: personality, matter, energy, space, time.
  • Library of Congress Classification is used in large libraries.
  • Notation should be brief and expressive.
  • Relative location allows shelves to expand.
  • Classification helps browsing.

Step by step

  1. Identify the concept, rule or fact asked.
  2. Recall the definition, formula, example or year.
  3. Apply it and eliminate mismatched options.

Examples

  • Father of library science in India → S. R. Ranganathan.
  • Classification with ten main classes → DDC.
  • Faceted scheme using PMEST → Colon Classification.

Traps and advanced points

  • Trap: Wrong law order.
  • Trap: Mixing DDC and UDC.
  • Trap: Wrong years.

Quick revision

  • Five Laws (1931).
  • DDC 1876; Colon 1933.
  • PMEST.

Practice MCQs

  1. The Dewey Decimal Classification was devised by

    1. S. R. Ranganathan
    2. Melvil Dewey
    3. Charles Cutter
    4. Paul Otlet

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    Show answer

    Answer: (b) Melvil Dewey. It was first published in 1876.

  2. How many main classes does the Dewey Decimal Classification have?

    1. 100
    2. 5
    3. 26
    4. 10

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    Answer: (d) 10. From 000 to 900.

  3. Colon Classification was devised by

    1. Paul Otlet
    2. Melvil Dewey
    3. H. E. Bliss
    4. S. R. Ranganathan

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    Show answer

    Answer: (d) S. R. Ranganathan. It is a faceted (analytico-synthetic) scheme.

  4. In Ranganathan's PMEST, 'P' stands for

    1. Period
    2. Place
    3. Personality
    4. Process

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    Answer: (c) Personality. PMEST: Personality, Matter, Energy, Space, Time.

  5. The Five Laws of Library Science were given by

    1. S. R. Ranganathan
    2. Melvil Dewey
    3. Charles Cutter
    4. Andrew Carnegie

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    Answer: (a) S. R. Ranganathan. The first law is 'Books are for use'.

  6. A call number usually consists of

    1. the price of the book
    2. only the author's name
    3. only the year
    4. class number and book number

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    Answer: (d) class number and book number. It fixes the book's place on the shelf.

More topics in this chapter

Notes and questions are written by Kundali IQ for practice. They are not official papers; always check the latest official notification for the syllabus and pattern.