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Irrigation, Cropping & Agricultural Productivity
GS-III: Economy, Environment, Security, Disaster & Technology
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
Productivity depends on water, seeds, soil health and cropping choices; efficient irrigation and diversification are key to sustainable growth.
Key points
- Roughly half of India’s net sown area is irrigated; the rest depends on rainfall.
- PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (2015) aims at "Har Khet Ko Pani" and "Per Drop More Crop".
- Micro-irrigation (drip and sprinkler) saves water and raises yields.
- Atal Bhujal Yojana (2019) promotes community groundwater management.
- Groundwater depletion is severe in parts of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
- The Green Revolution raised output but caused regional imbalance and soil–water stress.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Irrigation, Cropping & Agricultural Productivity is correct?
- Cropping patterns depend on agro-climate, water, prices, technology, risk and market access.
- Expanding irrigation alone guarantees sustainable agricultural productivity.
- Irrigation, Cropping & Agricultural Productivity is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Irrigation, Cropping & Agricultural Productivity has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
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Answer: (a) Cropping patterns depend on agro-climate, water, prices, technology, risk and market access.. Cropping patterns depend on agro-climate, water, prices, technology, risk and market access.
Consider the following statements on Irrigation, Cropping & Agricultural Productivity, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Cropping patterns depend on agro-climate, water, prices, technology, risk and market access. 2. Expanding irrigation alone guarantees sustainable agricultural productivity. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (a) 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 is a common misconception.
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