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Indian Art & Culture
GS-I: Society, History & Geography
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
Indian art and culture span architecture, sculpture, painting, performing arts and living traditions; conservation of tangible and intangible heritage is a key concern.
Key points
- Temple architecture evolved from early cave shrines to Nagara, Dravida and Vesara styles.
- Indo-Islamic architecture combined arches and domes with Indian craft traditions.
- Eight classical dances are recognised; Hindustani and Carnatic are the two classical music traditions.
- The Archaeological Survey of India was established in 1861.
- UNESCO intangible heritage from India includes Kumbh Mela (2017), Durga Puja in Kolkata (2021) and Garba of Gujarat (2023).
- Folk arts and crafts sustain rural livelihoods.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about Indian Art & Culture is correct?
- Indian Art & Culture is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- Indian Art & Culture has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Indian culture is expressed through architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, dance and living traditions across regions.
- Indian culture developed as a single uniform tradition with little regional or historical variation.
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Answer: (c) Indian culture is expressed through architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, dance and living traditions across regions.. Indian culture is expressed through architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, dance and living traditions across regions.
Consider the following statements on Indian Art & Culture, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Indian culture is expressed through architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, dance and living traditions across regions. 2. Indian culture developed as a single uniform tradition with little regional or historical variation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (a) 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 is a common misconception.
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