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India & Neighbourhood
GS-II: Constitution, Governance, Social Justice & IR
Useful for: UPSC Civil Services
Overview
India’s neighbourhood policy seeks stability, connectivity and influence amid security challenges and competition from other powers.
Key points
- The Indus Waters Treaty (1960) governs river sharing with Pakistan.
- Border tensions with China along the LAC included the Galwan clash (2020).
- The India–Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship dates from 1950; the India–Bhutan Friendship Treaty was updated in 2007.
- The Land Boundary Agreement with Bangladesh (2015) was implemented through the 100th Amendment.
- SAARC (1985) is largely stalled; BIMSTEC (1997) is a growing alternative.
- Connectivity projects and development aid are key instruments.
Practice MCQs
From the perspective of definition and scope, which one of the following statements about India & Neighbourhood is correct?
- India & Neighbourhood is unrelated to institutions, processes or real-world applications.
- India & Neighbourhood has no exceptions or limitations in exam analysis.
- Neighbourhood relations combine geography, security, trade, connectivity, water, migration, culture and domestic politics.
- Neighbourhood relations can be understood only through military security considerations.
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Answer: (c) Neighbourhood relations combine geography, security, trade, connectivity, water, migration, culture and domestic politics.. Neighbourhood relations combine geography, security, trade, connectivity, water, migration, culture and domestic politics.
Consider the following statements on India & Neighbourhood and Executive & Judiciary, focusing on definition and scope: 1. Neighbourhood relations can be understood only through military security considerations. 2. Judicial independence means courts are institutionally unaccountable in every respect. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2. Neither statement is correct; both are common misconceptions.
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